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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 19, 1914)
8 THE OREGON r DAILY - JOURNAL PORTLAND, THURSDAY EVENING. . NOVEMBER 19, 1914. THE -JOURNAL Ah THTKP1tKIET NKWftPAPKB. -C . . JACKSON ..Pabllahar. k afcltaawf rrrtj evening I except Saxlarl mry Mwlir (Dunilnf at Tba Joeraat Boild a. Fmtdwir ami Yamhill ta.. Portland. Or. fcatara at (fa (wM flew at fttla. wr tor tranantaaloa tbfeiuh tk aasils , aa mco4 . iaaa matter. - i - IKUCPHONES Mala T1TS1 Homo. A-eOSl. All Opart menta reaebed by thea Bomtwra. Tail the eoerato what 4irtmat voa want. lUKBtaN ADVKUTISINU MCfUtUMtKXATlVM Bniiri1n Kent nor Co.. Brtnwwtck Bide.. tb rifta Aa.. Daw York, U1S People's Uae Bid.. Cfclrajrn, I katwcrititMni tarui by mall or to au et IraM to the Salted State t afexiees DAILY . I ua er......5.00 I On awBtB J, -A - - 7ijsdat. too Mar $2.60 I One nentk.....? OAIL All D 8 US DAY.. Sao rar......V'0 I Oaa month... ...t ' ' ' ' 1 -SJ Our censur of i our fellow men, which we are prone to think a proof of our 0uperlor wisdom, la too j often only the evidence of T the conceit ; that would magnify self, or of th i malignity or; envy that would " detract from others. Tryon Edwards. " "-' -S3 A FRIGHTFUL TAX ODAY. the average man in Great Britain who earns $1000 a year and upward, must give one month's earn ings out of the twelve to the gov ernment. , ; Out" of ' every $12 he earns. $1 goes to help carry on .the war. And what is worse, it is morally certain that this tax will not only continue for a generation, but that it will be increased. It -is even ex pected that those who earn $1000 a year and upward from Invest ments, will be compelled ultimate ly to give one fourth of their earn ings to the government. Two years ago, David Starr Jordan- computed the war debts of Europe at $26,000,000,000, a sum ' inconceivably vast. It Is an amount nearly eight times greater than all the gold mined in the United iBtates In .125 years. '! About . the same time, David f.loyd-George, chancellor of the British exchequer, reckoned the war cost of Europe in times of profound peace at $2,250,000,000 a year, a total which he said had nearly doubled in 20 years, and -which he predicted would double 'again in less than ten years if the .war madness i3 not stopped. .' In a British naval debate, Sir -Edward Grey, one of the sanest of Europe's statesmen, uttered this Impressive warning; Unlet the Incongruity and mischief Of mounting military cost be brought home not only to the heads of men generally but to their feelings as Well, a a a the rivalry will con- tinue, and it must In the long run : .'break down civilization. Tou are .having this great burden piled up in ". times of peace, and If It goes on in creasing by leaps and bounds as it - , has done In the last generation it will become Intolerable. There, are those who think that It will lead 'to war precisely because It Is already .becoming Intolerable., Words could scarcely have been .more prophetic. The war of which Earl. Grey. spoke has. come.. That iff came, because the cost of mili tarism was "becoming Intolerable" . Is not unlikely. ' ( Its-toll in money is the least of ; its cost, but it is piling up war ; debts under which Europe is al ' ready staggering and at a rate ; which Eary Grey foresaw must'ulti ;mately, unless checked, break down civilization. j ) Great Britain is still struggling With the debts of the Boer war, fought ! half a generation ago, a war that is but a skirmish in com tparison. How are the inconceivable j debts of the present unparalleled j conflict to be paid? . 1! Thrak of the burden cast upon i every average man in Europe, a burden that must be borne for ; generations, and then think of the i stupidity of those who have been calling upon Woodrow Wilson to ilead an invading army into Mexico! IS BKKFSTEAK IMMOItM T HE world is warned by Dr. Louis R. Woltmiller, physical director of the New York West 8ide Y. M. C. A., against eating .too much meat.' He says: Juicy steaks are good for the pal ate, but an over indulgence will keep 'more than one man out of heaven. ! Irritable, high strung, quarrelsome men cannot live as Christians should. ' There Is an old saying, ' "Meat ' for strong men and milk for babes." Now, however, bo great an authority as Dr. Wolzralller de clares that the fworld has lived for l.iji - , eo uuiuiug iu a taise tneory of !lf!LT.!riC.tn" ! naJ Prld "themselves that they had meat on their tables were in fact the unfortunates, rather than people who managed to exist without meat - except at weddings and f unerala. . However, there is consolation to be gained from Or. Woltmiller's warning. If Juicy beefsteaks con tinue much longer at their pres ent prices, the number of peoplej mey win Keep out or heaven is .bound to decrease. There is a sliver lining to every cloud. GIANT SUBMARINES lONGRBSS will be asked by the naval board to authorize the construction of eight giant .submarines. These craft are designed not merely for coast de fense, but are, expected to have a cruising radius enabling them to become integral parts of American fleets sent far from their base. These under-water vessels are to have 1200 ! tons displacement, making them more than twice as large as the German submarines which have .been . playing ' havoc th British. ; warships, , . The ' new Slant submarine Is to hare a sur-Jcost of $8,629.90. Eat It should face speed of - twenty-one knots j be borne in i mind that the width and an under-water speed of six- of this ' road is only twelre ' feet, teen knots. Their fuel capacity On a basis of sixteen 'feet the cost will give them a' Bailing: radios of I would have approximated that of 3500 miles. '. Congress will 1 be the other roads. . ' . . . ' asked x to -expend f 1,250,000 fori In computing the cost of sur each of the eight submarines. I facing roads the length :of haul of The naval board's plans appeal to the popular Imagination at a time when the under-sea craft have proved their worth In actual warfare: The United States was first to experiment- with submar ines. It may be first to demon strate that; these craft need not ' be limited in j usefulness to activities in a comparatively small radius. THE FOURTEEN - YEAH OLD J UDGE M'GINN'S order in the I. ... V. 4 .. 1. jr.. -.1 cause in ivuitu iuui iceu-yearrviu Margaret Frykman was in volved as a witness, challenges public attention. The injured party is the girl. Whatever her faults,; they were measurably attributable to her youth. Children5 of 13 and 14, though they, usually present a better record than ' this one, -cannot be expected to be as staid and re liable as those who have -reached the years of maturity. As outcome of the court proceed ings, $1000, to be supplied by one defendant and $250 from another, is to be placed to the girl's credit in- a bank, and with the interest is to go to Margaret Frykman at 21, or if her conduct Justifies, at 19. Putting the defendants into the penitentiary could not possibly re pair the great wrong they did the girl. Fining the men would give money to the state, but it is the girl, not the state, that' has suf fered irreparable injury at the hands of the men. The state, in t case of a fine, would be getting money for a wrong done the girl. The whole agency of the state in the premises, is to afford pro tection to those who compose the state, this girl among them. . Pun ishments are provided in the be lief that they will exercise a deter rent influence and prevent future offenses of the kind. The McGinn judgment in this instance, not only provides punishment for the guilty defendants, but it goes further and affords a email measure of repara tion for the wrong to the child. It not only is part reparation but it gives the girl new hope in the money reward to be hers for a future of exemplary conduct. The finding may not be strictly within the civil law. But it can be fairly well defended as within the great, living, moral law of jus tice for the weak as well as the strong. JEFFERSON HIGH GIRLS F ORTY Jefferson -High School ' girls will wear cotton dresses when. they graduate next Feb ruary. The entire class of girls, by unanimous vote, has de cided to do their part in promoting greater use of the South's cotton crop here in the United States. The Jefferson girls are worthy ui tuujmcuuaiiuu. mej are uuiuK,UQSDie lu excua-UKB muur lor luu what they can to help solve a serious economic ; problem which directly affects the South and indi rectly the entire country. They have joined in a movement seeking utilization'of American cotton here in America. An expert points out that there j are enough spindles in America, if operated to tneir capacity, to take ! care of three fourths of our cotton, j and that other mills could be es-; laonsnea wunin a year wnereDy it would be possible for the United States to absorb 12,000,000 bales of the next crop. Europe has been buying our cotton, but Europe is too busy fighting to keep her spin dles running. Forty cotton dresses may not di rectly affect the cotton situation, but their indirect effect cannot be estimated. Forty dresses will mean more of the same fabric; their in- fluence will multiply in geometri-j day. The entire issue brought bet cal progression. ; iter than 2.25 per cent premium, There is another phase to the some of the bids running as high question. Schools are supposed to be genuine democratic institutions. But dress has established undemo cratic distinctions Sober-minded educators have proposed moderate priced uniforms, ' especially - for pejeted competition for the securi girls. as a solution for the dress j ties and the buyer of the bonds problem. jhad toraise his bid. Unsuccessful The forty Jefferson Hieh srirls ! brokers protested that another have, furthered the movement for simplicity Entirely outside the present cotton situation in, the 'ouuiu, lurao Kins LI A V t) lateen iX i j i rather than Ot clothes. ESTIMATE TOO LOW C OUNTY COMMISSIONER LIGHTNER Is credited with the statement that the dif ference between the cost of macadam and , hard . surface pave ment for roads is the difference between $4000 and $17,000 per mile. His estimate is too low. It is not substantiated In the experi ence of other communities, neither is it supported bjr the records of Multnomah countsr for this year. The records show that the cost of macadamizing Columbia boule vard a distance ' of one and one half miles, sixteen feet wide, was $10,503.24, or $7000 per mile. Of this amount $4,578.97 was for la bor and $5,874.27 for material. On the Section Line road, two and one half miles were macadam ized, sixteen feet wide, at a cost of $19,376.63, or $7600 per mile. i i t pam out tot -ma- teriai, $11,621.25. The nearest approach to Com- missioner Lightner's estimate was on the Pleasant View road where two miles rwere macadamized , at a material la' an important factor. The records of the. state highway commission of Illinois in which this element Is considered show the cost of macadam surface, eighteen feet wide, to be $5960 when the haul is one half mile in length. With-a one mile haul the cost is $6297 and when the haul is three miles the cost Is $7615. t VVVhen to this Is added the dif ference in cost ot maintenance it would appear that the difference between the cost of macadam and hard surface is. not so great after all. WHEN MEN ARE IDLE I T IS no use to be intolerant of the unemployed Many tf our people are. Having been suc cessful themselves, many have no patience with tales of failure. They cannot understand why, in this country of limitless resources and araid the many examples of rise .from poverty to power and wealth,' there should be men un able to secure work. But there are men who are unavoidably idle. They are .out of work and cannot helpit. It "is not a new condition. The census of 1890, placed the number of the unemployed in the United States at 3,523,730. It was more than 15 ' pet cent of all people employed in gainful occupations. In 1900, the number was placed by the federal census at 6,4 8 6,9 6 4, or more than-' 22 per cent of those in gainful occupations. Though the census department issued a warning statement as to the defi niteness of the figures, the totals are accurate enough to be com pletely convincing on the point that even so long ago as 24 years, there were many more people in this country to do the work than there was work to do. The census figures of 1910 as to unemployment have not yet been tabulated. The problem of idle men has, however, become so wide ly noted that the federal govern ment has put a commission in the field to study the question with a view to affording some kind of remedy. Of all persons reported idle un- j der former censuses, nearly harf j were out of work three months or j less, while 80 per cent Of the re- mainder were idle four to six Tr.nth Tho laro-Par nArpnt?iR ! of unemployment were among the agricultural, domestic and indus trial workers. It is a truism that every man has a right to have work. It is un reasonable that this great; world was created for some to have work and comforts while others were to ; be idle and comfortless. If this is i so, and if there is a growing class j means of survival, then unemploy ment is a real problem and efforts at solution should be urgent. Meanwhile, when communities j are trying in various ways to rem- ! edy local conditions, no man has ! a it., v,i oif n,uh tm a right to hold aloof with the im- patient insistence that there is "work fo all who will." f There is i not in the winter season and has not been for 30 years, "work for an wno win," and it Is the duty of all to do what they can to miti gate the condition until broader fundamental measures can be ap plied to the cause rather than to the symptoms. ANXIOUS TO WORK S IX per cent improvement bonds aggregating nearly $100,000 ,were oversubscribed nearly five times in Portland Tues- , as i.vo per cent auove par The day before, in Seattle, the city council sold $829,500 of five per cent "bridge bonds at par and accrued interest. There was unex- , - . v. b k 1 " o aw liui nuu twenty-four hours "would, in all probability, see better bids from their own or other bond houses. Last week Multnomah county AionnaA nf tA'nnA 'interstate bridge bonds at a price of $101.35. , There were sixteen bidders, seven of whom put in tenders for the entire Issue at prices above par. These - bonds were oversubscribed eight times. Some time ago Philadelphia au thorized a $7,000,000 thirty .year loan at four per cent, the bonds to be sold at par. All but $2,825, 000 was. placed at. a premium at the tfme. - Sale of the. remainder was deferred until the money was needed. Two weeks ago $825,000 . of the securities were placed on sale "over the city treasurer's counter." Within an hour and a half after the treasurer's office opened the entire $825,000 had been gathered up. ' One hundred people, men and women, were still in line, and be fore the day ended $500,000 more bonds were subscribed for.. The result - was a ' decision to1ell the - Money is anxious to work. These bond sales are- concrete : evidence .that good times are here if a j doubting people j once realize the real status. ' J - '' , 1 ? II the ; statr menu . of x eye ; wit- nesses are true, it was through' a violation of the traffic ordinance that Patrolman White was knocked down and killed at his post of duty. rr. . t . a. , m iuv Li uc&, u roanoiiig ue uuii section Into the cross street, should have swung wide to the right, but instead it cut across 'and by the shortness of the turn caught its victim. If the execution of law were more " of a slogan and less of an accident by higher-ups, if those operating deadly machines like four-ton auto trucks were Properly skilled in rules 'and realized the aeaaiy cnaracter or a huge true, l Patrolman Wfilte would "still be the Support and Strength Of theBroadway notel plaintively told of the i little family that is now without irougbhouse treat- I S breadwinner (Commonleatloiia aent to Tha Journal for publication In thla department abould ba writ ten on only one aide of the paper, should not exceed 800 worda la lengtu. and mua ba ae vmpanied by the name, and address of tbe sender. If the. writer .does not desire to nave tbe name published, be should so atate.) "Discussion Is tba greatest of all reform ers. It rationalises averrtnlns; it toaenc. it robs principles of aU falsa sanctity and throws them back on tbelr reasonableneaa. If they bare no reasonableness. It ruthleaa.T crusbea them out of existence and' set up its own conclusions la their stead." Woodrow Wilson. Discusses Prohibition's Effects. Silverton, Or., Nov. 17. To the Edi tor of The Journal I notice J. S. Brooks has criticised my. comment on the recent election, Mr. Brooks says we have lots of company now since our neighbor states have gone dry. Misery always likes company. He also says no sane person would poke a rat tlesnake, but would hit it right be-1 tween the eyes with r. club. That is just exactly what prohibition has done to production and labor in this state. Now, we wets don't want to be under stood as ' being a bunch of soreheads just because we have been beaten. We are too game for that. Experience has taught us that prohibition is a failure, and experience is the true teacher of economic Justice. Of course it tan not be said that prohibition is purely an economic question, nor can it be said that it is wholly a religious question. I) is very seldom that a question arises where religious and economic rights are so equally divided. From a religious point of view it might be said that prohibition is right, although I cannot see it in that light. From an economic or Industrial point of view it can be equally denied. I have no doubt the religious people of this state believe prohibition will lift us to a higher plans of righteousness and do away with the evil of the liquor traf fic, but this remains to be proven, while, from an economic point of view it Is an established fact that we are stung. Where questions of religious and economic or industrial right min gle so closely if1s bound to make the struggle more prolonged and severe. EDWIN A. LINSCOTT. Assessor Indorses Journal's View, Salem, Or., Nov. 19. To the Editor oC The Journal I wish to acknowledge receipt or J our valuable editorial of October 19, upon my arrival home "urn me asaessurs convention neid in Portland last week. I am glad to see the pres of the state taking more in terest in the matter of taxation every year, as ft will assist the assessors materially to straighten out the tangles which have crept into our laws. Every assessor in our great stata of Oregon is doing everything in i his power to lighten the burden of taxation, but in many localities where to make a creditable showing. I note what you say about land held for speculative purposes. Your state- I ment is absolutely true and I hope to i see the next lpHnlattirA t--j q aAmA law whereby the assessor may make a ourerence in this class of valuations, h -r16 S ,th6 lan? wner who holds his land for agricultural and stockraisine tumoa iv not for speculative purposes. You say aIso tnat the assessors' meeting is of more importance than those of most office holders. This Js true, and it is to be hoped we will have the hearty cooperation of the press of the state to encourage our efforts, for these meet ings alrady have done considerable good throughout the state. ben' F. WEST, County Assessor of Marion County. Apprehensive of Immigration. Clackamas, Or., November 16. To the Editor of The Journal Oregon is a comparatively new state, and whllo there is lots of undeveloped country, it will be better for all concerned if we are careful about making new laws. In regard to new immigration from for eign countries, I would say to be ex tremely careful. Most of the people we have in Oregon have grown up with the country and have been educated here and are a part of our nation. But what can be said of the immigrants coming to our shores at the present time? They may be coming here with those old tvrant laws so flrmlv - tori , -" l" tV ""T"88 fefore are able to teach them the laws of a free government they will have swal-Ij lowed up our homes, our industries and our laws, and leave us but the husks of bygone industries. Ignorance ,de-i velops so much faster than intelli-i gence when it once gets a grip on Us that It takes years and ages to recover, Letters From the People j i. " ;: -Ji And then the truth is so covered up j posite must prevail. that it has to be-dragged from .the A In conclusion, I wish again to heart very dust before a country can be're-jj ily commend the spirit which fathered built. i that excellent article and which has We known foreign countries have evoked this letter, grown until the very struggle for exls- I C. LOUIS BARZEE. tence has passed into the ravages oft war, spreading devastation over the Negligence in Tronson Case, whole world. We feel the oppression! Portiand, Or., Nov. 19. To the Kdl- In our own nation, and a word of warning in the time of need may be heeded. MRS. VIOLA BURR. Mr. Coe Discusses the Votei McMinnvllle, Or., Nov. 18. To the Editor of The Journal Many of the papers of the state are drawing lessons to suit themselves from the recent' election. Some are rejoicing that no I prohibitionist was elected, and assur ing their readers that the laws-, will certainly be well enforced now, be cause th.e officials elected would not Inform the voters whether they were in favor of a dry Oregon or not I won der if the people of Germany wdpld think it a great cause of rejoicing' If the kaiser had placed: at. the head of his armies men who would not tell whether they were in sympathy with Germany or France. . It is worthy of mention that the vote received by the three prohibition candl ! dates for consrreRa is almnat identical j with the majority given for the dry j Bho,ws .bt .tha.;?thT prtit?..,wnIch anv only they will not say so In their platforms, are Just about equally di - vided concerning the question of wet or 9 asylum. . He was taken all over the es dry, and it is the Prohibition party that! tablishment, and finally arrived at. the casts the deciding vote. Pretty good j gardens, where a number of patients work Tor the Prohibitionists. . v , ; were - working. - Mr, Burns espied -1 may also mention that while .the among them, a man withvhom he had A FEW SMILES Not lonsr ago av certain . Michigan food inspector was Watching a stand wnerer ror i cen a dab of ice cream on a soda- cracker was nandejt ; -out. He thought .himself quite v unnoticed, when a pretty mis held out a half eaten cracker to ! him. saying, much to the amusement f'.0 OM o( thosc nosy food lrispetors. Here, Just taste this and aee if it's sanitary," ! -. J ki I ment that he had received in the early hours of the. previous morni ng from, the enthusias tic guests of a hi larious dinner party. "What kind of a dinner was it?" asked ; a sympathetic listener. t "Why, it was given by one of them college aluminum societies." "But she says she has never gtven you any encouragement" y "via s n e say thatr "She certainly did." "She told me that her uncle was go ing to leave her a fortune and that he had one foot in the grave. If that is not encouragement, I'd like to know what you call it.H registration of prohibitionists was many times the registration of 1912;t the Prohibition vote was double the! registration, and the other parties cast for congress, at least in the First dis trict, less than three fourths of their registration, and in the case of the Re publican party it was never one half. CURTIS P. COB. The Chrlstmastide Message. Lents, Or., Nov. 18. To the Editor of The Journal The article appearing on the first page of last Sunday's Journal, under the caption, "A Mes sage and a Mission for Chrlstmastide,'' is commendable, admirable, beautiful. It should, and no doubt will, appeal to thousands of altruistic minds in this city and elsewhere. I am very glad it has been written and published. Its perusal must "be a public reminder, educator, benefactor. By all means, let its mission be accomplished. Its fulfillment will gladden the hearts of many cheerless, deserving children, who must soon become the laborers, business' and professional people, vot ers and law makers of the oemmon wealth. How Important, then, that such seeds be sown into their young lives as will yield a rich harvest of benevolence, generosity, brotherhood, in and through the years to come, the influence of whichnust be redisseml nated among the future deserving poor. Frankly, I am pleased with the arti cle in question, and believe a generous response will result. I trust that it will not be an intru sion to apk a little space for a few supplementary thoughts in connection with the splendid Journal message. It is good, it is well. Indeed, to glad den the hearts and fill the stomachs of the unfortunate needy during the glorious Chrlstmastide; but. while the matter is under consideration, is It not opportune to suggest that it would be still better, from every point of social, physical and financial view, to gladden the herats and fill the stom achs of all the deserving needy, all the time? , How can this be done? I believe Its solution simple. Charity Is kind, beautiful. It floats on silken wings of peace, good will ! to men, brotherhood, love. Yet we must not lose sight of the fact that, ; while the, financially Impoverished class .will receive gifts for their chil dren and themselves with hearts ot ; gratitude, yet there Is that Inherent : nature within the soul of every father and mother which promtSs them to the supreme desire of bestowing these presents themselves. How can they - do this without money? They can't But they would possess the necessary means if Port land would see to it that employment be provided for those who are willing to work and a "rockpile" for those who are not. Wherever and whenever a municipality is unable to furnish employment for its willing toilers, that municipality is overgrown, abnormal, despite anything that may ,be, said to the contrary". Annually we are spending millions thus giving employment to eastern people: while those millions should be spent at home, for goods manufactured here, thus employing our own people. Portland could and should employ its own toilers. It could and should man ufacture the v:ry goods for which we send to eastern states. If there be any sound, intelligent reason why we should send raw material east to be 3 returned to us in the finished product, 1 pavinsr a useless freight each way. and - - - - - employing eastern ratner than our own people, will some one wiser than I produce that reason? It is true that we have many among us that need charity, but they want. they need, employment more. When people are employed at reasonable wages, "good times" always result. i When people are unemployed, the op- tor of The Journal This case of Tron son having threatened Emma Ulrich's life and the authorities ordering him out of town, reminds one of slapping a murderer's wrist for committing a crime. He threatened her Jife oncej and was given strict oraers to leave town. ' , Probably ne did. He might have gone to at. Johns, and returned, At any rate, he was permitted to annoy heryes, permitted to annoy her. after he had threatened to kill her. Now, I ask, did her employers allow this without reporting it to the aathorltlesT If they did, well for them; If not, then it is negligence on their part. Their report with hers would bear more weight. . But their responsibility, as com pared to- that of the authorities, In whose power it was to put the man out of the state. Is as a pebble com pared with a mountain. Some one was negligent. I dare not speak my con tempt for such negligence. J. f . OSTER. - Surprise for Bothc, John 'Burns- always has a stock of good stories. One he tella concerns a i visit be once paid to a London lunatic ME PERTINENT COMMENT 851AUU CHANGE You'll not get anywhere unless you start.- ,- ? a . A' man who aays "I don't care" Is either a liar or a fool. a ., a ; One secret of success is the ability to keep your secrets. ,: " .V. Fools oft times rush in and win while wise men investigate. Tet the owner of a mule is never sare that he hasn't a kick coming. - Too many of us neglect our plain duty for something more attractive-. We would rather be held up by a stranger than thrown down by a friend. If a woman starts in to fie disagree able she knows how to achieve enor mous success.. a a W'a r on m mnv tin txttnded tO in elude even "strategic" shirtwasts and "deleted" skirts. 1 The man who -knows all about wo men should forget it if he values his own peace of mind. w If you can't get anything else out of this life, get disgruntled and try to be satisfied with that. . No woman wants to boss her hus band, but she. wants the neighbors to believe that she' could do it if she wanted to. a When a man say's he can remember when good beefsteak was sold for 6 cents a pound you can figure that he is about 65 years old. And it sometimes happens "that wo men who display- good judgment at bar gain sales get the worst of it when it comes to selecting misbands. WILSON ON "THE NEW SPIRIT" Extracts from tbe president's letter to Sec retary of the Treasury McAdoo, on the Inaugu ration of the federal reserve bank system. "I do not know that any special credit belongs to me for the part I was privileged to play in the estab lishment of this new system of which we confidently hope so much. In It the labor and knowledge ahd fore thought and practical experience and sagacity of many men are embodied who have cooperated with unusual wisdom and admirable public spirit, "None of them, I am sure, will be jealous of the distribution of the praise for the great piece of legisla tion upon which the new system rests; they will only rejoice unselfish ly to see the thing accomplished upon which they had set their hearts. It has been accomplished and its accom plishment is of the deepest signifi cance, both because of the tilings It had done -away with and because of the things it has supplied that the country lacked and had long needed. "It has done away with agitation and suspicion, because it has done away with certain fundamental wrongs. It has supplied means of ac commodation in the business world and an Instrumentality by which the inter ests of all; without regard to class, may readily be served. "We have only to look back 10 years or so to realize the deep perplexities and dangerous ill-humors out of which we have now at last issued, as if from a bewildering fog, a noxious miasma. Ten or 12 years ago the country was torn and excited by an agitation whic shook the very foundation of her po litical life, brought her business ideals Into question, condemned her social standards, denied the honesty of her men of affairs, the integrity of her economic processes, the morality and good faith of many of the things which her law sustained. Those who had power, whether in business or in poli tics, were almost universally looked upon with suspicion and .little attempt Was made to distinguish the just from the unjust. They in their turn seemed to distrust the people and to wish to limit their control. There was an omin ous antagonism between classes. Capi tal and labor were in sharp conflict, without prospect of accommodation be tween them. Interests harshly cished which should have coperated. "This was not merely the work of Irresponsible agitators. There were real wrongs which cried out to be righted, and fearless men had called attention to them, demanding that they be dealt with by. law. " We were living under a tariff which had been purpose ly contrived to confer private favors upon those who were cooperating to keep the party that originated it in power; and in all that too fertile soil tbe bad, interlaced growth and jungle of monopoly had sprung up. Credit. the very life of trade, the very air men must breath if they would meet their j opportunities, was too largely in the control oi tne same sman groups wno had planted and cultivated monopoly. The control of all big business, and by consequence, of all little business, too, was for the most part potentially, if not actually, in their hands. "And the thing stood so until the Democratic party came into power last yxr. The legislation of the past year and a half has in very large measure done away with these things. With their correction, suspicion and ill-will will pass away. For not only have those things been righted, but new things have been put into action whicn SOUTH AMERICAN TRADE NO EASY MARK By John M. Oskison. j An opportunity for the United States to extend its trade and for our invest- j ors -to widen the field of their opera tions was o-reated by the war Jn Eu rope. We were prompt to see that South America must Jum to us to take care of her wants in trade and in financing. How could we respond, and how soon? Among many who asked these pertinent questions was Mr. Redfield, secretary of - Commerce. To obtain authoritative answers, he appointed ai commission of 20 of the beet qualifield men to study the situation to the south of us and report. j . That commission has reported. -. If j yon are interested in its findings. 1 suggest that you write to the secre- tary of commerce at Washington and ask for a copy of the commission's re-- port. It was made for you, for your j guidance. - ' ' -. - i As ah investor, you will be Inter-1 ested In this passage from the report: ; "The question of creating a market for Latin-American securities in the ; United States is highly important. The development of our trade with those countries i largely dependent upon its satisfactory solution." . ... ...j some slight acquaintance, and was about to speak to him, when the lunatic suddenly exclaimed: "Well, I never! Tou, too,! The very last person I thought to see here!" A Million Homes. : From the New York Malt A million' homes. That is in round figures the number in this huge city. Ten times 100,000 places that men and women and children call home, where AND NEWS IN BRIEF OREGON SUIEI4GHTS Eugene's council has authorized the chain gang system, as a discourager of the hobo.- This la Y. M. C. a. week In Salem. The membership campaign Is to in crease the list to lv. it is now tsu. Thurston's school board has provid ed hot lunch -facilities at the schools and is installing complete playgrounds equipment. a The city ot Monmouth has placed its water system on a permanent basis. Meters have been established and reg ular rates fixed. a Independence, with 30 - blocks of street paving, just completed, claims to be me best paved town or its popu lation in the United States. U Grande's $40,000 Y. M. C. A. building having been completed, a "Finish the Job" campaign has been installed to raise funds tor tne tur nlshings. a a Pendleton East Oregonian: It was a coincidence of course but rather an odd one that the first man to register at the Hotel Pendleton yesterday morn ing, the first snowy morning of the. year, was J. S. Winter, tne t-ortiana contractor who built the notei. win ter arrived with the snow but is stay ing longer. Dallas Observer: There are 67 rural school buildings in Polk county; all except' two o which are modern in construction, conforming to the ap proved idea of the model school house so far as Dcht and ventilation are con cerned. With County Superintendent Seymour this is a hobby, and lie ex pects that within a short time the two exceptions will be remodeled Into the approved type. e, re sure to prove the instruments of a new life." ' - "The tariff has been recast with a view to supporting the government rather than supporting the favored beneficiaries of the government,1 A system of banking and currency issues has been created which puts credit within the reach of every man .who can show a going business -k and the supervision and control of the system is in the hands of & responsible agency of the government itself. A trade tri bunal Jias been created in which those who attempt unjust and oppressive practices in business can be brought to book. Labor lias been made something else In the view of the law than mere mercantile commodity, something human and linked with the privileges of life itself. "The soil has everywhere been laid bare out of which monopolyMs slowly to he eradicated. And undoubtedly the means by which credit has been set free is at the heart of all these things, is the key piece of the whole structure." "This is the more" significant be cause of its opportuneness. -It is brought to ital final accomplishment just as it is most imperatively need ed. The war, which has involved the whole of the heart of Europe, has made it necessary that the United States should mobilize its resources in the most effective way possible and make her credft and her usefulness good for the service of the whole world. It has created, too, special dlfficultif s, peculiar situations to be dealt with, like the great embarrass ment in selling our immense cotton crop, which all the world needs, but against which, for the time being, tbe markets of the world are in danger of lbelng artificially shut. That situa tion the bankers of the country are meeting so far as possible in a business-like fashion and in the spirit of the new time which is opening before us. The railroads of the country are almost as much affected, not so much because their business is curtailed as because their credit is called in ques tion by doub as to their earning ca pacity. "There is no other interest so cen tral to the business welfare of the country as this. No doubt nj the light of the new day, with its' new understandings, the problems of the railroads will also be met and dealt wflh in a spirit of candor and Justice." "For the future Is clear and bright with . promise of the best things. We shall ' advance and advance together, with a new spirit, a new en thusiasm, a new cordiality of spirited cooperation. "It is an inspiring prospect. Our task is henceforth to work, not for any single interest, but for all the in terests of the country as a united Whole. "The future will be very different from the past, which we shall present ly look back upon, I venture to say, as if upon a bad dream. The future will be different in action and different in spirit, a time of healing, because a time of Just dealing and cooperation between men made equal before the law in fact as well as in name. I am speaking of this because the new banking system seems to me to sym bolize all of it. The opening of the federal reserve bank seems to me to be the principal agency we have cre ated for the emancipation we seek. The 16th of November, 1914, will tH notable as marking the time when we were pest able to realise Just what had happened." Tou see, Germany built her South American trade largely by lending to the people down there the .money they used to pay for Germany's goods. To cities, states, and to big manufac turing and producing companies, as well' as to railroad, trolley, and elec tric light and power companies, Ger many and England have loaned vast sums. In return, the. borrowers bought from Germany and England the sup plies they needed. So a trade was built up. , . : -i '-' It Is both an expensive and slow process German .economists say frankly that German's South1 Ameri can business has cost too much. -Still, the ground has ' been : broken; this commission points the way to success in establishing American trade down there. r .. . It will be necessary for-us to buy the better class of securities put Out by South America. We ought' to know more about the people and the enter prises back of the securities; I don't know a better way to begin to. find out than by asking for all the Infor mation available In the department of commerce at r Washington. Ask ea peclally for ths report. . thty rest after the day's toil and eat their bread and enjoy the solace of that peace that can be had .nowhere else than at home. Imagine . these 1,000,009 homes de Stroyed. leaving 6,000,000 men, women and children homeless, their dwellings pillaged and burned, every possession of value swept away Seized by an 'ene my or; turned Into charred wreckage! Imagine - this . and you have some faint idea of .what has happened' in Belgium.: IN EARLIERYS Uy ' Fred lAxkleyf i general Joseph Lane. Oregon's first territorial governor, succeeds! Govern or George Abernetby, the provisional governor. President Polkg knowing that Oregon waa to be admitted as a territory shortly, used everii effort to have it admitted as a terrifjry before his term as president exfjred. He picked out Joseph Lane of Pldlana for governor, KintxrngPritchttj of pnn- - j Ditoma ir secretary, vwillam T. Bryant of Indiana as' chiaf Justice,' Peter H. Burnett t Oregon :and tianic Turney pf Illinois as associate Jus tices. I. W. B. Bromley ofiNew York as federal attorney. Joseph; L. Meek of Oregon as marshal, U'4 Adair of aa collector . otp cuttioms. Peter Burnett was more invested in California gold-fields tharJ in Being associate Justice, so he df Hined the appointment, and William 5strong Ot . vjnio was given the place. ISfiac Brom-t ley also declined and AraorM-Holbrook of New York was given h place. A General Lane was bomS in North s' Carolina on December 14. sil 801. II was brought up in Kentuc ky and when 19 years old he was marriifid. moving to Indiana the same yea$.r At the breaking out ot the Mexlcijtn war, he helpl raise a company of Volunteers in Indiana. He was chosirn captain, later promoted to bo cornel; ,was wounded In one of the battfjl-jt. and f or af his gallantry and ability vwas made -brigadier general. :! . He received his commissfju as. gov ernor of Oregon on Augu 18, K. : WithJejjeph L. Meek he at ?nce start, ed for Oregon, and after j iany hard- r ships and the Vlesertion of; practical. ly all of his military eseorj who went to the gold fields In California, he ; reached Oregon on March J, 184on day before the expiration of President Polk's term of' off ice. ii . The census whTch he took shortly after arriving in Oregon showed that . ho was governor over S78 Americans and 290 foreigners. Lernlng that President Zachary Taylor yd appoint- ; ed Major' John P. Gaines governor of Oregon, General I.ane reigned, his resignation taking effect $h June ltJr - 1850. He at once went to he Califor nia gold fields. On June 1851, Gen eral Lane was elected Oregon's dcl . gate to congress. On May6, 1853, he ' was appointed governor o""Oregon by President Franklin Pierce. He quali fied as governor and sCH-ed thrft . days, being asked by the' Democratic party in Oregon to run as f t candidate -for delegate to congress. He resigned his governorship after thrJ days ar.d was elected to congress ii'June 6, 1853. Before going to Wtsfhingion to ' assume the duties of delegate to- con gress, he went, as brigadier? general of . Oregon's volunteer forces Jo southern Oregon to settle the Indian troublts. General Lane was reelected to con- gress in 1855 and 1857. On July 8. , 1858. General Lane was elected as one of Oregon's first United Jates sen- ators. He took his seat in-;tne unitea States senate on Febriiarjjf , 14, . 1835. In 1860, while still l. tilted late sen ator from Oregon, he watrj nominate I for vice president of the I'Bited Htate ; on the Democratic livkei- John. C Breckinridge being the ;ffemocratl: nominee for presidt-nt. jytk died In .... April, 1881. at the age oJ; 80 year. having served Oregon faBhful1y and well In many capacities. A The Ragtime Her Talent. ':i f v Genius Arabella blesses; 5V.. : ' . She Is of that favored clahs Whom to worship mankind-presses .., In an e'er increasing niSJ"'. - Arabella has no learning . She knows nothing ot tle arts. Yet her merits men dlst-erMn Crown her as the queer snf hearts. Into works of erudition Arabella never delves, a. But she knows that men ambition Is to talk about themselves. So the wily, tadiant rreure , j Listens with a heavenlvftimle, Interest shown in every, rgatiire, -As"1 they yield them to 'hejr guile, Arabella Is a beauty. Dresses with a simple te. Murmurs now and then ofeduty,.- - Rails against aU household waste. When her uport attraction oses Arabella will be free To take any man she ehoffes , - i How I hope that she'll jtke me! The Km den. p . From the Chicago TBoune.' - The Emrfen's little play vith fate H ended, with as much gallantry as- it was played. To sail 6n hostile seas. , to work like a maritime weasel with skill and courage, stealth-and speed,, to cut out prises, fat lien out of A hen house, from under ' the JnOse of the watch dogs, to escape tresis and en- : tinue depredations, conscVjrus of the waxing wrath of the plundered watch- '; ers this on the sea i tO'go hack to the days of the EngUnh raiders ' against , the Spanish wealth, back tu Hawkins and Drake rfhd Pfroblsher. That is why the BrltUL who euf- fered from the inroads of pHe German cruiser, demanding Its destruction, nevertheless were most admiring Of -its achievements. This ir the kernel of what the British inherifi jrom their sea traditions and the kernel of, What they respect in. seamen. ' . ,':'... In the muck of destruction where -masses of men fight so numerously -that a census alone cart j reveal the dead, the individual is ): gnat in a whirlwind. The Emden ind Its men, while they lasted, were conspicuous and tasted that, glorification of exist ence which comes sublimated out of risk. They were without a friendly port, without a means oj victualing -and coaling, except as jlhey. seized fchlpg and took from therg what thev -needed. They could, wlththe best of -luck, endure only so long.f Their fate wae written. Thejr mereltr dld , not know the siase of the, volume. . , m . d ; i ; ' r Legal Question. Bend, Or., Nov. 15.TrtHhe-Editor i of The Journal Have companies hav- ing land reclaimed from fee stale or government the right to -jjease Jt .to stockmen for arrazinc DiirttiaraT j -V Cn n n nan onrnlnar Utr-h .wllau. V damage where range stock destroy it, or can cwner of stock the mad to keep the ditch in repair? '4 ' ,P A. ' The Journal cannot utjdrtake to Mwr legal questions irrtolvin th giving of legal advice or 1 the render ing of an opinion, ' Inauwera should consult tneir attorneys,. lntd)'; w' , ... ,, .... 5 The Sunday journal; The Great Home Newspaper, - - consists of .j Five news sections replete with ' " ' .'"illustrated features."-- " Illustrated magazine o -quality." -Woman's pages' of "raj tnerit Pictorial .news supplement. buperb comic section. 9 . tr i 5 Cents the Copy-